Conventional (Traditional) Vasectomy is a surgical sterilization procedure for men. Here are the key aspects of this method:

Procedure

1. The patient is given local anesthesia to numb the scrotum.
2. The surgeon makes one or two small incisions in the scrotum to access the vas deferens.
3. A small section of each vas deferens is cut out and removed.
4. The ends of the vas deferens are sealed using one or more of the following methods:
   • Cauterization (sealing with heat)
   • Ligation (tying off with thread)
   • Surgical clips
5. The incisions in the scrotum are closed with stitches or surgical glue.

Recovery

• Most men can return to work after two or three days of rest.
• Complete healing may take up to two weeks or longer.
• Patients should avoid heavy lifting or strenuous physical activity for at least one week.
• Sexual intercourse can typically be resumed after about two weeks.

Effectiveness

The vasectomy is not immediately effective. Patients should:

• Continue using alternative contraception methods until a semen analysis confirms the absence of sperm.
• Have a semen analysis performed about 12 weeks after the procedure to ensure success.

Potential Complications

While rare, possible complications include:

• Bleeding or scrotal hematoma (risk is about 1%)
• Infection (extremely rare)
• Temporary pain (usually resolves within a week)
• Chronic pain (very rare, occurs in about 1 in 10,000 vasectomies)
• Sperm granuloma (a hard ball that forms on the cut edge of the vas deferens)
• Vasectomy failure (occurs in about 1 in 2,000 men)

Conventional vasectomy remains an effective method of permanent contraception, though it has been largely replaced by less invasive techniques like the no-scalpel vasectomy in many practices.